MRNA Nasdaq Biotechnology Financials FY2016–FY2025
Moderna develops medicines and vaccines built on messenger RNA (mRNA), the molecule that carries instructions from genes to a cell's protein-making machinery. It has three commercial products: Spikevax and mNEXSPIKE, its COVID vaccines, and mRESVIA, a vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). It launched mNEXSPIKE in the third quarter of 2025 and says it is now its top product in the U.S. retail channel.
Hi! I read Moderna’s latest annual report (fiscal 2025). Here is what stands out:
Good So-so Weak
Are sales growing?
−39.9%
No. Sales fell 39.9% last year.
Does it make a profit?
−145.2%
No. It lost money last year.
Does profit turn into cash?
−106.2%
No. It spent more cash than it brought in.
How healthy are the accounts?
2 / 9
Weak. It passes 2 of 9 health tests.
Rules of thumb on reported numbers. A starting point, not a recommendation.
Is it selling more, and how much does it keep?
In plain words: Every quarter, companies publish how much they sold and earned. These are the days Moderna did it, and the next one. Share prices often move a lot on those days.
Next results
November 6, 2026
Friday · in 11 days
| Date | Results for | Time | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jul 31, 2026 | Q2 '26 | Before the market opens | 8-K ↗ |
| May 1, 2026 | Q1 '26 | Before the market opens | 8-K ↗ |
| Jan 12, 2026 | Q4 '25 | Before the market opens | 8-K ↗ |
| Nov 6, 2025 | Q3 '25 | Before the market opens | 8-K ↗ |
| Aug 1, 2025 | Q2 '25 | Before the market opens | 8-K ↗ |
| May 1, 2025 | Q1 '25 | Before the market opens | 8-K ↗ |
| Jan 13, 2025 | Q4 '24 | Before the market opens | 8-K ↗ |
| Nov 7, 2024 | Q3 '24 | Before the market opens | 8-K ↗ |
From SEC filings: the results press release (8-K) or, without one, the quarterly or annual report.
KIRA · Moderna had $1.9B of revenue in fiscal 2025, down 39.9% on the year before. Over five years, revenue changed +19.3% a year on average. Its operating margin was −158.1%, down 36.2 pts: of every 100 in sales, about −158 is left after running the business.
In plain words: Revenue is all the money customers paid. The margins show how many cents of each dollar of sales are left over at each step: after making the product (gross), after running the business (operating) and after everything, tax included (net).
Revenue
Revenue
Margins, % of revenue
Margins, % of revenue
KIRA · Moderna lost $2.8B in fiscal 2025.
Loss periods are shown in red.
In plain words: Net income is the profit left after every cost and tax. Earnings per share (EPS) splits that profit across every share, so it shows what one share earned.
Net income
Net income
Diluted EPS
Diluted EPS
How much cash comes in, and where does it go?
KIRA · Free cash flow was −$2.1B in fiscal 2025, −106.2% of revenue.
Cash from operations minus capital spending.
In plain words: Profit on paper is not the same as cash in the bank. Free cash flow is the cash left after paying to run and maintain the business: the money it can hand back to shareholders, save or invest.
Free cash flow
Free cash flow
Cash from operations vs capital spending
Cash from operations vs capital spending
KIRA · Moderna returned $2.0M to shareholders in fiscal 2025. The diluted share count rose 1.3%.
In plain words: Companies hand cash back in two ways: dividends (cash paid to shareholders) and buybacks (buying back their own shares, so each remaining share owns a bigger slice).
Dividends and buybacks
Dividends and buybacks
Diluted shares outstanding (annual)
KIRA · In the last 12 months, insiders sold $72.1M of shares on the open market and bought none.
Open-market purchases and sales by officers, directors and 10% owners, from Form 4 filings. “Plan” marks trades under a pre-arranged Rule 10b5-1 plan.
In plain words: Insiders are the people who run or own a big part of the company. Buying with their own money can signal confidence; selling often has personal reasons, like taxes or diversifying.
Bought, 12 months
$0.0M
0 insiders
Sold, 12 months
$72.1M
5 insiders
Of sales under plans
99%
$71.7M
| Date | Insider | Trade | Shares | Price | Value | Filing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 15, 2026 | Stephen HogePresident | Sold plan | 39,145 | $220.72 | $8.6M | Form 4 |
| Oct 14, 2026 | Stephen HogePresident | Sold plan | 39,224 | $213.48 | $8.4M | Form 4 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | Stephen HogePresident | Sold plan | 40,281 | $146.07 | $5.9M | Form 4 |
| Sep 14, 2026 | Stephen HogePresident | Sold plan | 40,294 | $144.13 | $5.8M | Form 4 |
| Sep 10, 2026 | James M MockChief Financial Officer | Sold plan | 34,836 | $134.49 | $4.7M | Form 4 |
| Sep 1, 2026 | Shannon Thyme KlingerChief Legal Officer | Sold plan | 3,471 | $139.95 | $0.5M | Form 4 |
| Aug 5, 2026 | Stephane BancelChief Executive Officer, Director | Sold plan | 499,246 | $57.52 | $28.7M | Form 4 |
| Jul 15, 2026 | Stephen HogePresident | Sold plan | 53,336 | $67.60 | $3.6M | Form 4 |
| Jun 15, 2026 | Stephen HogePresident | Sold plan | 53,336 | $51.37 | $2.7M | Form 4 |
| Jun 4, 2026 | Shannon Thyme KlingerChief Legal Officer | Sold plan | 3,471 | $50.00 | $0.2M | Form 4 |
| May 21, 2026 | Noubar AfeyanDirector | Sold | 9,263 | $46.84 | $0.4M | Form 4 |
| May 15, 2026 | Stephen HogePresident | Sold plan | 53,336 | $48.40 | $2.6M | Form 4 |
Can it carry its debts, and how well does it use its money?
KIRA · Moderna has $5.2B more cash than debt.
Cash, debt and the ratios that show how comfortably Moderna can carry it.
In plain words: What the company owns and what it owes. More cash than debt is a cushion for bad times; a lot of debt leaves less room when business slows down.
Cash vs debt (incl. leases)
| Fiscal year end | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash and short-term investments | $10.7B | $9.9B | $8.6B | $7.0B | $5.8B |
| Debt incl. finance leases | — | — | — | $62.0M | $635M |
| Debt / equity | — | — | — | 0.0x | 0.1x |
| Interest coverage | 949.7x | 376.8x | −108.7x | −164.4x | −307.4x |
| Current ratio | 1.8x | 2.7x | 3.4x | 3.7x | 3.3x |
| Quick ratio | 1.6x | 2.5x | 3.4x | 3.6x | 3.2x |
| Total assets | $24.7B | $25.9B | $18.4B | $14.1B | $12.3B |
| Total liabilities | $10.5B | $6.7B | $4.6B | $3.2B | $3.7B |
| Shareholders' equity | $14.1B | $19.1B | $13.9B | $10.9B | $8.7B |
| Net debt (− = net cash) | — | — | — | −$7.0B | −$5.2B |
KIRA · Its return on capital was −65.4%: every 100 invested in the business earned about −65 in a year.
After-tax operating income as a share of the money invested in the business: debt plus equity, minus cash.
In plain words: How much profit the business makes on the money put into it. A higher percentage means each dollar invested works harder.
Return on capital, equity and assets (annual)
KIRA · Moderna passes 2 of 9 financial health tests (Piotroski F-score).
Nine pass/fail tests of profitability, funding and efficiency. 8–9 is strong, 0–2 weak.
In plain words: Nine yes/no tests of financial health, one point each. A green tick is a pass: 7 to 9 points is solid, 0 to 3 is weak.
| Test | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net income is positive | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ |
| Cash from operations is positive | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ |
| Return on assets rose | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ |
| Cash from operations exceeds net income | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Debt fell relative to assets | — | — | ✕ |
| Current ratio rose | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ |
| Share count didn't rise | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
| Gross margin rose | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Revenue rose relative to assets | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ |
| F-score | — / 9 | — / 9 | 2 / 9 |
| Accruals ratio | −7.2% | −3.4% | −7.2% |
| Altman Z'' | 6.65 | 6.71 | 5.12 |
What does the share cost, and how does it compare?
KIRA · At $200.10 a share, the company is worth $79.6B.
Change the assumptions and see what they imply per share. These are models, not forecasts or price targets — the answer depends entirely on what you put in.
In plain words: Move the sliders to try your own guesses about growth. The result is what one share would be worth if those guesses came true. Different guesses give very different answers.
Value per share
—
Adds net cash of $5.2B and divides by 389.0M diluted shares. Ten years of cash flows plus a terminal value, discounted to today.
KIRA · Moderna grew sales faster than 0 of its 3 similar companies.
Each company’s latest fiscal year. Fiscal years end in different months, so periods don’t line up exactly.
In plain words: The same numbers for similar companies, so you can tell whether a figure is high or low for this kind of business.
| Company | Market cap | Growth | Op. margin | FCF margin | ROIC | P/E | F-score | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moderna MRNA | $79.6B | −39.9% | −158.1% | −106.2% | −65.4% | — | 2 | |
| Pfizer PFE | $171.1B | −1.7% | — | 14.5% | 7.3% | 39.5x | 6 | Compare → |
| Johnson & Johnson JNJ | $646.0B | 6.1% | — | 20.9% | 28.6% | 40.0x | 4 | Compare → |
| AbbVie ABBV | $505.9B | 8.6% | 24.7% | 29.1% | 15.7% | 80.7x | 7 | Compare → |
Every number, year by year.
Amounts in USD. Hover a ratio’s name for its definition.
In plain words: Every number we have, year by year. Download it as a spreadsheet if you want to dig deeper.
| Fiscal year | FY16 | FY17 | FY18 | FY19 | FY20 | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income statement | ||||||||||
| Revenue | $108M | $206M | $135M | $60.0M | $803M | $18.5B | $19.3B | $6.8B | $3.2B | $1.9B |
| Gross profit | — | — | $135M | $60.0M | $795M | $15.9B | $13.8B | $2.2B | $1.8B | $1.1B |
| Research and development | $275M | $411M | $454M | $496M | $1.4B | $2.0B | $3.3B | $4.8B | $4.5B | $3.1B |
| Operating income | −$224M | −$269M | −$413M | −$546M | −$763M | $13.3B | $9.4B | −$4.2B | −$3.9B | −$3.1B |
| Interest expense | $0.0M | $0.0M | $3.0M | $6.0M | $9.0M | $14.0M | $25.0M | $39.0M | $24.0M | $10.0M |
| Pretax income | −$215M | −$256M | −$384M | −$515M | −$744M | $13.3B | $9.6B | −$3.9B | −$3.6B | −$2.8B |
| Income tax | $1.0M | −$0.1M | $0.3M | −$1.0M | $3.0M | $1.1B | $1.2B | $772M | −$46.0M | $54.0M |
| Net income | −$216M | −$256M | −$385M | −$514M | −$747M | $12.2B | $8.4B | −$4.7B | −$3.6B | −$2.8B |
| Diluted EPS | −$3.79 | −$4.18 | −$4.95 | −$1.55 | −$1.96 | $28.29 | $20.12 | −$12.33 | −$9.28 | −$7.26 |
| Diluted shares | 0.06B | 0.06B | 0.08B | 0.33B | 0.38B | 0.43B | 0.42B | 0.38B | 0.38B | 0.39B |
| Cash flow | ||||||||||
| Cash from operations | $66.7M | −$332M | −$331M | −$459M | $2.0B | $13.6B | $5.0B | −$3.1B | −$3.0B | −$1.9B |
| Capital expenditure | $33.1M | $58.4M | $106M | $32.0M | $68.0M | $284M | $400M | $707M | $1.1B | $192M |
| Free cash flow | $33.6M | −$390M | −$437M | −$491M | $2.0B | $13.3B | $4.6B | −$3.8B | −$4.1B | −$2.1B |
| Depreciation and amortization | $15.1M | $20.5M | $24.9M | $31.0M | $31.0M | $232M | $348M | $617M | $185M | $211M |
| Stock-based compensation | $39.4M | $40.1M | $72.6M | $81.0M | $93.0M | $142M | $226M | $305M | $429M | $483M |
| Acquisitions | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $85.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M |
| Share buybacks | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $857M | $3.3B | $1.2B | $0.0M | $2.0M |
| Dividends paid | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M |
| Dividends and buybacks | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $857M | $3.3B | $1.2B | $0.0M | $2.0M |
| Balance sheet | ||||||||||
| Cash and short-term investments | $50.1M | $756M | $1.5B | $1.1B | $4.6B | $10.7B | $9.9B | $8.6B | $7.0B | $5.8B |
| Total debt | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $0.0M | $590M |
| Finance lease liabilities | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $38.7M | $134M | $764M | $1.1B | $575M | $62.0M | $45.0M |
| Current assets | — | $783M | $1.6B | $1.1B | $6.3B | $16.1B | $13.4B | $10.3B | $8.1B | $6.5B |
| Current liabilities | — | $192M | $223M | $143M | $4.4B | $9.1B | $4.9B | $3.0B | $2.2B | $2.0B |
| Inventory | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $0.0M | $47.0M | $1.4B | $949M | $202M | $117M | $153M |
| Property and equipment, net | — | $139M | $212M | $202M | $297M | $1.2B | $2.0B | $1.9B | $2.2B | $2.1B |
| Total assets | — | $1.1B | $2.0B | $1.6B | $7.3B | $24.7B | $25.9B | $18.4B | $14.1B | $12.3B |
| Total liabilities | — | $459M | $432M | $415M | $4.8B | $10.5B | $6.7B | $4.6B | $3.2B | $3.7B |
| Shareholders' equity | −$335M | −$551M | $1.5B | $1.2B | $2.6B | $14.1B | $19.1B | $13.9B | $10.9B | $8.7B |
| Margins | ||||||||||
| Gross margin | — | — | 100.0% | 100.0% | 99.0% | 85.8% | 71.9% | 31.5% | 54.8% | 55.4% |
| Operating margin | −206.4% | −130.9% | −306.0% | −910.0% | −95.0% | 72.0% | 48.9% | −61.9% | −121.9% | −158.1% |
| EBITDA margin | −192.5% | −120.9% | −287.6% | −858.3% | −91.2% | 73.2% | 50.7% | −52.9% | −116.2% | −147.3% |
| Net margin | −199.5% | −124.3% | −284.8% | −856.7% | −93.0% | 66.1% | 43.4% | −68.8% | −110.0% | −145.2% |
| FCF margin | 31.0% | −189.4% | −323.3% | −818.3% | 244.0% | 72.2% | 23.8% | −55.9% | −125.3% | −106.2% |
| Returns | ||||||||||
| Return on capital | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | −65.4% |
| Return on capital employed | — | — | −31.4% | −34.3% | −34.7% | 143.8% | 51.7% | −23.3% | −28.9% | −27.6% |
| Return on equity | — | — | −78.6% | −38.0% | −40.0% | 146.1% | 50.3% | −28.6% | −28.8% | −28.9% |
| Return on assets | — | — | −25.3% | −28.9% | −16.7% | 76.3% | 33.1% | −21.3% | −21.9% | −21.3% |
| Growth | ||||||||||
| Revenue growth | — | 89.9% | −34.4% | −55.6% | 1,238.3% | 2,200.3% | 4.3% | −64.5% | −52.8% | −39.9% |
| Net income growth | — | — | — | — | — | — | −31.5% | −156.4% | — | — |
| EPS growth | — | — | — | — | — | — | −28.9% | −161.3% | — | — |
| FCF growth | — | −1,260.7% | — | — | — | 580.8% | −65.7% | −183.5% | — | — |
| Share count change | — | 6.2% | 25.8% | 308.1% | 15.1% | 13.1% | −3.5% | −8.2% | 0.5% | 1.3% |
| Financial health | ||||||||||
| Debt / equity | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0.0x | 0.1x |
| Interest coverage | — | — | −137.9x | −91.0x | −84.8x | 949.7x | 376.8x | −108.7x | −164.4x | −307.4x |
| Current ratio | — | 4.1x | 7.0x | 7.9x | 1.4x | 1.8x | 2.7x | 3.4x | 3.7x | 3.3x |
| Quick ratio | — | 4.1x | 7.0x | 7.9x | 1.4x | 1.6x | 2.5x | 3.4x | 3.6x | 3.2x |
| Capital allocation | ||||||||||
| Capex / revenue | 30.6% | 28.4% | 78.3% | 53.3% | 8.5% | 1.5% | 2.1% | 10.3% | 32.5% | 9.9% |
| Stock comp / revenue | 36.3% | 19.5% | 53.7% | 135.0% | 11.6% | 0.8% | 1.2% | 4.5% | 13.3% | 24.9% |
| Payouts / FCF | 0.0% | — | — | — | 0.0% | 6.4% | 72.7% | — | — | — |
| Quality scores | ||||||||||
| Piotroski F-score | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2.0 |
| Altman Z'' | — | −1.2 | 5.1 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 8.2 | 9.9 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 5.1 |
| Accruals ratio | — | — | −3.5% | −3.1% | −62.2% | −8.9% | 13.4% | −7.2% | −3.4% | −7.2% |
Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (CIK 0001682852). Data updated October 9, 2026. Quarterly fourth quarters are the full year minus the first nine months. For information only — not investment advice. Check the original filings before relying on any figure.
