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Graham

GHC NYSE Education Services Financials FY2016–FY2025

Graham's revenue rose 2.5% to $4.9 billion in fiscal 2025. Its operating margin was 4.8%, up from 4.5% a year earlier. Free cash flow was $275 million, down 15.1%. It paid out $35 million in dividends and buybacks, 13% of free cash flow. The diluted share count fell 0.7%.

Last close · Oct 23, 2026

$1,213.48

2.1%
Value it Compare
Revenue Total sales reported in the income statement.
$4.9B
2.5% vs prior year
Operating margin Operating income as a share of revenue.
4.8%
0.3 pts
Net income Profit after all expenses, interest and tax.
$292M
59.7%
Free cash flow Cash from operations minus capital spending.
$275M
15.1%
Return on capital After-tax operating income as a share of the money invested in the business: debt plus equity, minus cash.
3.1%
0.2 pts
Market cap Last close times the latest diluted share count, so it is approximate.
$5.3B
Oct 23 close
P/E Last close divided by diluted earnings per share over the last four quarters.
18.3x

What Graham does

No business description yet.

Legal name
GRAHAM HOLDINGS CO
Fiscal year ends
December 31, 2025
Latest annual report
—
Accession · CIK
0001628280-26-011405
0000104889

Revenue and margins

Graham had $4.9B of revenue in fiscal 2025, up 2.5% on the year before.

Revenue
Revenue
Margins, % of revenue
Gross Operating Net FCF
Margins, % of revenue
Gross Operating Net FCF

Net income and earnings per share

From fiscal 2016 to 2025, diluted EPS grew 9.3% a year. Loss periods are shown in red.

Net income
Net income
Diluted EPS
Diluted EPS

Returns on capital

After-tax operating income as a share of the money invested in the business: debt plus equity, minus cash.

Return on capital, equity and assets (annual)
Return on capital Return on equity Return on assets

Cash flow

Free cash flow was $275M in fiscal 2025, 5.6% of revenue. Cash from operations minus capital spending.

Free cash flow
Free cash flow
Cash from operations vs capital spending
Cash from operations Capital spending
Cash from operations vs capital spending
Cash from operations Capital spending

Dividends, buybacks and share count

Graham returned $34.8M to shareholders in fiscal 2025, 13% of free cash flow. The diluted share count fell 0.7%.

Dividends and buybacks
Dividends Buybacks
Dividends and buybacks
Dividends Buybacks
Diluted shares outstanding (annual)

Value Graham yourself

Change the assumptions and see what they imply per share. These are models, not forecasts or price targets — the answer depends entirely on what you put in.

Discounted cash flow

Value per share

—

Adds net cash of −$638M and divides by 4.4M diluted shares. Ten years of cash flows plus a terminal value, discounted to today.

Earnings multiple

Value per share

—

Reference multiples: today 18.3x · peers 15.7x · sector 17.7x.

Balance sheet

Cash, debt and the ratios that show how comfortably Graham can carry it.

Cash vs debt (incl. leases)
Cash Debt
Fiscal year endFY21FY22FY23FY24FY25
Cash and short-term investments $146M$169M$170M$261M$267M
Debt incl. finance leases $668M$740M$836M$771M$905M
Net debt / EBITDA 2.5x2.6x3.2x1.5x1.8x
Debt / equity 0.2x0.2x0.2x0.2x0.2x
Interest coverage 2.3x1.5x1.1x1.2x2.0x
Current ratio 1.6x1.5x1.5x1.8x1.8x
Quick ratio 1.5x1.3x1.3x1.5x1.5x
Total assets $7.4B$6.6B$7.2B$7.7B$8.4B
Total liabilities $3.0B$2.8B$3.2B$3.3B$3.5B
Shareholders' equity $4.4B$3.7B$4.0B$4.3B$4.8B
Net debt (− = net cash) $522M$571M$666M$510M$638M

Insider trades

Open-market purchases and sales by officers, directors and 10% owners, from Form 4 filings. 'Plan' marks trades under a pre-arranged Rule 10b5-1 plan.

Bought, 12 months

$0.0M

0 insiders

Sold, 12 months

$0.0M

0 insiders

Of sales under plans

—

$0.0M

No open-market insider trades in the last 12 months.

Piotroski F-score

Nine pass/fail tests of profitability, funding and efficiency. 8–9 is strong, 0–2 weak.

TestFY23FY24FY25
Net income is positive ✓ ✓ ✓
Cash from operations is positive ✓ ✓ ✓
Return on assets rose ✓ ✓ ✕
Cash from operations exceeds net income ✓ ✕ ✓
Debt fell relative to assets ✕ ✓ ✕
Current ratio rose ✓ ✓ ✓
Share count didn't rise ✓ ✓ ✓
Gross margin rose — — —
Revenue rose relative to assets ✓ ✕ ✕
F-score 7 / 86 / 85 / 8
Accruals ratio −0.8%4.3%−0.7%
Altman Z'' 5.295.715.66

Similar companies

Each company's latest fiscal year. Fiscal years end in different months, so periods don't line up exactly.

CompanyMarket capGrowthOp. marginFCF marginROICP/EF-score
Graham GHC $5.3B 2.5% 4.8% 5.6% 3.1% 18.3x 5
Stride LRN $3.6B 4.7% 17.9% 17.2% 31.3% 11.0x 6 Compare →
Covista CVSA $4.7B 9.3% 19.6% 20.1% 17.0% 18.7x 8 Compare →
Laureate Education LAUR $5.5B 8.6% 25.3% 15.5% 28.6% 17.7x 8 Compare →
Strategic Education STRA $1.8B 4.0% 13.7% 12.1% 8.4% 13.7x 6 Compare →

10 years of figures

US$ millions unless stated. Hover a ratio's name for its definition.

Download CSV
Fiscal yearFY16FY17FY18FY19FY20FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25
Income statement
Revenue $2.5B $2.6B $2.7B $2.9B $2.9B $3.2B $3.9B $4.4B $4.8B $4.9B
Operating income $223M $136M $246M $145M $100M $77.4M $83.9M $69.4M $216M $235M
Interest expense $35.4M $33.9M $37.9M $29.8M $38.3M $33.9M $54.4M $63.3M $186M $119M
Pretax income $251M $183M $324M $427M $407M $450M $122M $299M $1.0B $450M
Income tax $81.2M −$120M $52.1M $98.6M $107M $96.3M $51.3M $87.3M $292M $146M
Net income $169M $302M $271M $328M $300M $352M $67.1M $205M $725M $292M
Diluted EPS $29.80 $53.89 $50.20 $61.21 $58.13 $70.45 $13.79 $43.82 $163.40 $66.47
Diluted shares 0.01B 0.01B 0.01B 0.01B 0.01B 0.01B 0.00B 0.00B 0.00B 0.00B
Cash flow
Cash from operations $261M $268M $287M $165M $211M $202M $236M $260M $407M $347M
Capital expenditure $66.6M $60.4M $98.2M $93.5M $69.6M $163M $82.7M $93.4M $82.9M $71.9M
Free cash flow $195M $208M $189M $71.7M $141M $39.9M $153M $166M $324M $275M
Depreciation and amortization $91.3M $104M $104M $113M $131M $129M $132M $136M $124M $112M
Stock-based compensation $13.4M $10.2M $6.4M $6.3M $6.3M $5.7M $6.1M $6.7M $6.3M $5.7M
Acquisitions $245M $300M $112M $179M $20.1M $352M $130M $78.1M $4.1M $71.2M
Share buybacks $109M $50.8M $118M $2.1M $162M $55.7M $71.4M $193M $114M $3.5M
Dividends paid $27.3M $28.3M $28.6M $29.6M $30.0M $30.1M $30.7M $31.0M $30.3M $31.4M
Dividends and buybacks $136M $79.1M $147M $31.7M $192M $85.8M $102M $224M $144M $34.8M
Balance sheet
Cash and short-term investments $649M $390M $253M $200M $414M $146M $169M $170M $261M $267M
Total debt $486M $487M $471M $431M $513M $668M $726M $812M $748M $881M
Finance lease liabilities $0.0M $0.0M $0.0M $0.0M $0.0M $0.0M $14.1M $23.9M $23.1M $24.1M
Current assets $1.9B $1.7B $1.5B $1.7B $1.8B $1.8B $1.7B $1.8B $2.1B $2.4B
Current liabilities $819M $879M $812M $1.0B $950M $1.2B $1.1B $1.2B $1.2B $1.4B
Inventory $34.8M $60.6M $69.5M $121M $121M $142M $227M $297M $296M $303M
Property and equipment, net $234M $259M $293M $385M $378M $468M $503M $560M $549M $587M
Total assets $4.4B $4.9B $4.8B $5.9B $6.4B $7.4B $6.6B $7.2B $7.7B $8.4B
Total liabilities $2.0B $2.0B $1.8B $2.6B $2.7B $3.0B $2.8B $3.2B $3.3B $3.5B
Shareholders' equity $2.5B $2.9B $2.9B $3.3B $3.8B $4.4B $3.7B $4.0B $4.3B $4.8B
Margins
Operating margin 9.0% 5.3% 9.1% 4.9% 3.5% 2.4% 2.1% 1.6% 4.5% 4.8%
EBITDA margin 12.7% 9.3% 13.0% 8.8% 8.0% 6.5% 5.5% 4.7% 7.1% 7.1%
Net margin 6.8% 11.7% 10.1% 11.2% 10.4% 11.1% 1.7% 4.7% 15.1% 6.0%
FCF margin 7.8% 8.0% 7.0% 2.4% 4.9% 1.3% 3.9% 3.8% 6.8% 5.6%
Returns
Return on capital 6.8% 5.2% 6.7% 3.3% 2.0% 1.4% 1.1% 1.1% 3.3% 3.1%
Return on capital employed 6.2% 3.6% 6.2% 3.3% 1.9% 1.3% 1.4% 1.2% 3.5% 3.5%
Return on equity 6.8% 11.3% 9.3% 10.5% 8.5% 8.6% 1.7% 5.3% 17.6% 6.5%
Return on assets 3.8% 6.5% 5.6% 6.1% 4.9% 5.1% 1.0% 3.0% 9.8% 3.6%
Growth
Revenue growth −4.0% 4.4% 4.0% 8.8% −1.5% 10.3% 23.2% 12.5% 8.5% 2.5%
Net income growth — 79.2% −10.2% 20.9% −8.4% 17.2% −81.0% 206.0% 253.0% −59.7%
EPS growth — 80.8% −6.9% 21.9% −5.0% 21.2% −80.4% 217.8% 272.9% −59.3%
FCF growth — 6.7% −9.1% −62.1% 96.9% −71.7% 283.4% 8.8% 94.7% −15.1%
Share count change −2.4% −0.7% −3.3% −0.8% −3.5% −3.4% −2.6% −3.8% −5.4% −0.7%
Financial health
Net debt / EBITDA −0.5x 0.4x 0.6x 0.9x 0.4x 2.5x 2.6x 3.2x 1.5x 1.8x
Debt / equity 0.2x 0.2x 0.2x 0.1x 0.1x 0.2x 0.2x 0.2x 0.2x 0.2x
Interest coverage 6.3x 4.0x 6.5x 4.9x 2.6x 2.3x 1.5x 1.1x 1.2x 2.0x
Current ratio 2.3x 2.0x 1.9x 1.6x 1.9x 1.6x 1.5x 1.5x 1.8x 1.8x
Quick ratio 2.2x 1.9x 1.8x 1.5x 1.7x 1.5x 1.3x 1.3x 1.5x 1.5x
Capital allocation
Capex / revenue 2.7% 2.3% 3.6% 3.2% 2.4% 5.1% 2.1% 2.1% 1.7% 1.5%
Stock comp / revenue 0.5% 0.4% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1%
Payouts / FCF 70.0% 38.1% 77.7% 44.2% 136.0% 215.1% 66.8% 134.7% 44.6% 12.7%
Quality scores
Piotroski F-score 6.0 6.0 5.0 6.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 7.0 6.0 5.0
Altman Z'' 7.3 6.7 7.3 5.8 5.9 5.3 5.6 5.3 5.7 5.7
Accruals ratio −2.1% 0.7% −0.3% 3.0% 1.5% 2.2% −2.4% −0.8% 4.3% −0.7%

Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (CIK 0000104889). Data updated October 9, 2026. Quarterly fourth quarters are the full year minus the first nine months. For information only — not investment advice. Check the original filings before relying on any figure.

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